Estimated reading time: 9 minutes
Table of contents
- How to Grow Calla Lilies – Calla Lily Overview
- Uses for Calla Lilies
- When and Where to Plant Calla Lilies
- Watering Calla Lily
- How to Grow Calla Lilies – Fertilizing
- Cutting Blooms and Deadheading
- Pruning Calla Lilies
- Calla Lily Pests or Diseases
- Preparing Calla Lilies for Winter
- How to Propagate Callas
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) – How to Grow Calla Lilies
- What is calla lily cold hardiness?
- How to Grow Calla Lilies – Conclusion
- Related Articles
This guide provides all the information you need to start growing calla lilies. Calla lilies are stunning flowers that can add beauty to your garden. With their pointed, sword-like leaves and showy flower structures, calla lilies can brighten up any outdoor space. Growing and caring for them doesn’t have to be difficult; by following some simple steps, you can enjoy gorgeous blooms in no time. From selecting a suitable spot to choosing the right size and color, and understanding their water and sunlight requirements, this comprehensive guide covers it all! Read on to learn everything you need to know about growing calla lilies.
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How to Grow Calla Lilies – Calla Lily Overview
Zantedeschia aethiopica is a flowering plant native to South Africa. Calla flowers come in various colors, including red, pink, orange, yellow, purple, and creamy white.
There are four species of calla lilies that vary in height, color, and cold hardiness:
- Z. aethiopica, also known as the common or arum lily, grows 24-40 inches tall and is hardy in zones 8-10. This variety is a favorite of florists due to its beautiful white flowers.
- Z. albomaculata, the spotted calla lily, reaches a mature height of 12-24 inches and is hardy in zones 10-11.
- Z. elliottiana, known as the golden arum, grows 24-36 inches tall and is hardy in zones 8-10.
- Z. rehmannii is the pink species, with a height of 12-24 inches and hardiness in zones 8-10.
Calla lilies are perennial plants in warmer climates (USDA Zones 8-10), while in colder areas, they are annuals. However, you can dig them up and store them for the winter (we’ll discuss this later in the article). Calla lilies can be planted in full sun in cooler climates but prefer partial shade in warm climates.
Despite their name, calla lilies are not true lilies; they belong to the Araceae family and are related to peace lilies and philodendrons. They thrive in shady areas, though they can tolerate some direct sunlight if provided with sufficient water. Calla lilies have a long flowering season, typically blooming from late spring through early summer.
These tropical plants have trumpet-shaped flowers and arrow-shaped leaves. Their elegant flowers are often used in wedding bouquets and floral arrangements. With their bold colors and unique shape, calla lilies are an excellent choice for any garden or landscape. With the right care, they will reward you with a stunning display of bright blooms for many years to come.
Uses for Calla Lilies
Calla lilies can be used in various ways in your garden or landscape. They are particularly lovely when planted in garden beds, perennial gardens, borders, or cutting gardens, as their bright colors can make a statement.
Calla lilies also look great when grown in containers on the patio or deck. They add color, texture, and a pleasant fragrance to the area. These plants can even be used indoors in well-drained pots or containers, as long as they receive ample sunlight through a sunny window. No matter how you choose to use them, calla lilies are an excellent way to add beauty and interest to your outdoor spaces.
Important Notes:
- Calla lilies are considered invasive species in California and Australia.
- Calla lilies are toxic to both pets and humans, so exercise extra caution when choosing where to plant them.
When and Where to Plant Calla Lilies
Plant calla lilies in early spring after the danger of frost has passed. The soil temperatures should consistently be above 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Choose a sunny or partially shaded area with well-draining soil.
Ensure that the selected spot has well-drained soil, as these plants require regular and consistent moisture to thrive. When planting, make sure to bury the rhizomes at least 3-4 inches deep and space them 6 inches apart. After planting, water the calla lilies thoroughly to help them settle in. Water sparingly until the plant has leaves, as soggy soil can lead to root rot.
Watering Calla Lily
Calla lilies require consistent watering throughout the growing season, as they prefer evenly moist soil. Deeply water them once or twice a week (or more frequently during hot weather) to maintain moist but not soggy soil. Avoid overwatering, as it can cause root rot and potentially kill the plants.
How to Grow Calla Lilies – Fertilizing
In addition to regular watering, fertilize calla lilies with a liquid fertilizer at least once a month during the growing season. Use a balanced fertilizer or one specifically formulated for blooming plants, as excessive nitrogen in the soil can prevent calla lilies from flowering. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer packaging for proper application and dosage. With these simple steps, your calla lilies will have all the nutrients they need to thrive and bloom!
Cutting Blooms and Deadheading
Calla lilies make excellent cut flowers and can last up to two weeks with proper care. To encourage more blooming, deadhead the plants by removing spent blooms. This will stimulate further growth and blooming.
Additionally, cutting a few stems off your calla lily plant can improve air circulation and prevent fungal diseases. Deadheading and cutting blooms will also prompt the plant to produce more flowers, resulting in a longer-lasting display of beautiful calla lilies for your home or garden.
Pruning Calla Lilies
Calla lilies rarely require pruning. If leaves become bent or broken, they can be easily removed using pruning or garden shears to keep the plant neat and tidy. It’s important to let the foliage die back in the fall and feed the rhizome for next year’s blooms.
Calla Lily Pests or Diseases
Common pests or problems associated with calla lilies include aphids, slugs, spider mites, and mildew. Here are some ways to manage them:
- Aphids and spider mites can be controlled by spraying water or using insecticidal soap sprays or organic pesticide dust.
- Slugs can be managed by using beer traps or sprinkling diatomaceous earth around the plants.
- Powdery mildew can be prevented by providing adequate ventilation and avoiding overwatering.
- Additionally, calla lilies may be affected by root rot in overly wet soils. To prevent this, plant them in well-draining soil and water only when the top inch of soil is dry. With proper care and vigilance, you can ensure that your calla lilies remain healthy and free of pests.
Preparing Calla Lilies for Winter
In cooler climates, calla lilies should be dug up and stored before the first frost. During the dormancy period, store them in a cool, dark place with temperatures between 40-50 degrees Fahrenheit. Regularly check for any signs of disease or rot so that affected plants can be discarded.
Replant the bulbs outdoors the following spring after the danger of frost has passed. In zones 8-10, calla lilies can remain in the ground over winter by applying a thick layer of mulch and keeping them well-watered until spring. These steps will ensure that your calla lilies return healthy and bloom again in the next season.
How to Propagate Callas
Calla lilies can be propagated through division. The best time to divide callas lilies is in the fall when you dig them up for storage. This process involves dividing the clump of rhizomes into two or more sections and replanting them.
To divide, dig up the entire plant and carefully remove excess soil from the roots. Use a sharp knife to cut through the root system, separating it into two or more sections. Each section should have multiple stems and at least one eye (growing tip) to ensure successful regrowth. Replant each division in a new pot or area with slightly moist soil, ensuring the eyes are facing up.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) – How to Grow Calla Lilies
What is the best time to plant calla lilies?
Calla lilies should be planted in early spring after the danger of frost has passed and when the soil temperatures consistently exceed 65 degrees Fahrenheit.
Can calla lilies tolerate full sun?
Calla lilies can tolerate full sun in cooler climates, but they generally prefer partial shade in warmer climates.
How Much Water do Calla Lilies Need?
Calla lilies prefer evenly moist soil, so they should be watered deeply once or twice a week (or more frequently during hot weather) to keep the soil moist but not soggy. Avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot.
How do I fertilize calla lilies?
Fertilize calla lilies with a liquid fertilizer at least once a month during the growing season. Use a balanced fertilizer or one specifically formulated for blooming plants, following the instructions on the packaging for proper application and dosage.
Can I use calla lilies as cut flowers?
Yes, calla lilies make excellent cut flowers and can last up to two weeks when properly cared for. Deadhead the plants by removing spent blooms to encourage more growth and blooming.
How long is the flowering season for calla lilies?
Calla lilies have a long flowering season, typically blooming from late spring through early summer.
What is calla lily cold hardiness?
Calla lilies have varying cold hardiness depending on the species. Here are the cold hardiness zones for some common calla lily species:
- Zantedeschia aethiopica (common or arum lily): Hardy in zones 8-10.
- Zantedeschia albomaculata (spotted calla lily): Hardy in zones 10-11.
- Zantedeschia elliottiana (golden arum): Hardy in zones 8-10.
- Zantedeschia rehmannii (pink species): Hardy in zones 8-10.
It’s important to note that calla lilies in colder areas outside these zones are often grown as annuals or can be dug up and stored for winter to protect them from frost.
How to Grow Calla Lilies – Conclusion
In conclusion, calla lilies are beautiful and easy-to-grow plants that can add life and color to any garden or home. With proper care, they can thrive in a range of climates, making them suitable for gardeners in both warm and cold regions. By following the tips provided, including regular watering, monthly fertilization, deadheading, and preparing for winter in colder climates, you can enjoy a stunning display of calla lilies that are low-maintenance and rewarding.
FAQ – How to Grow Calla Lily
Yes, you can grow Calla Lilies from seeds, although it’s more common to propagate them from rhizomes for faster and more reliable results.
Calla Lilies thrive in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A slightly acidic to neutral pH range is ideal.
Water your Calla Lilies when the top inch of the soil feels dry. Overwatering can lead to root rot.
While Calla Lilies do enjoy plenty of light, they can also tolerate partial shade. However, too much shade can lead to fewer blooms.
In colder climates, it’s advisable to dig up the rhizomes and store them indoors over the winter. In milder climates, they can be left in the ground but should be well-mulched to provide protection from frost.